SECTION A (answer all questions)

Population

1. Table 1.1 shows average age of mothers at birth of their first child and total fertility rate (TFR) for selected countries.

• (a) Describe the relationship between average age of mothers at birth of their first child and TFR shown in Table 1.1. [2]
• (b) Suggest two reasons for the relationship you described in (a). [3]
• (c) Explain why the average age of mothers at birth of their first child tends to increase as a country develops. [5]

Migration

2. Fig. 2.1 shows the main sources of migrants into Australia, an HIC in Australasia, in 1982, 2002 and 2016.

• (a) Using Fig. 2.1, state:
• (b) Suggest two reasons why there has been a growth in migrants into Australia from MICs. [2]
• (c) Explain how political factors can influence international migration. [5]

Migration/Settlement dynamics

3. Fig. 3.1 shows part of the same urban area of a city in an MIC in 1990 and 2015.