SECTION A (answer all)

Population

1. Fig. 1.1 shows the age/sex structure for Nigeria, an MIC in West Africa, in 2017.

• (a) Using Fig. 1.1:
• (b) Explain why a population structure, such as that shown in Fig. 1.1, could cause problems for the country in the future. [3]
• (c) Explain why birth rates are falling in some HICs. [4]

Migration 2. Table 2.1 shows destination countries for Syrian refugees in 2017, the destinations’ population and Gross National Income (GNI).

• (a) Using data from Table 2.1, calculate the percentage of the population of Jordan that consists of Syrian refugees. Show your working. [2]
• (b) Using Table 2.1, suggest why the number of Syrian refugees is a bigger problem for Lebanon than for Sweden. [4]
• (c) Explain why distance influences refugee flows. [4]

Migration/Settlement dynamics

3. Fig. 3.1 is a photograph which shows an urban area in a city in an HIC.

• (a) State three features which suggest that the area shown in Fig. 3.1 is a wealthy area. [3]
• (b) Suggest two problems for people living in the area shown in Fig. 3.1. [3]